{"id":292,"date":"2017-12-20T14:42:41","date_gmt":"2017-12-20T14:42:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.liutianfeng.com\/?p=292"},"modified":"2018-01-12T13:37:19","modified_gmt":"2018-01-12T13:37:19","slug":"bash%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%8f%98%e9%87%8f%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.liutianfeng.com\/?p=292","title":{"rendered":"bash\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b"},"content":{"rendered":"

bash\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/h2>\n

\u672c\u5730\u53d8\u91cf
\n\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf
\n\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf
\n\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf
\n\u7279\u6b8a\u53d8\u91cf\uff08\u5185\u7f6e\uff09<\/p>\n

\u53d8\u91cf\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u8303\uff1a<\/h2>\n

1. \u53ea\u80fd\u542b\u5b57\u6bcd\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u548c\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5\u6570\u5b57\u5f00\u5934\uff1b
\n2. \u6700\u597d\u4e0d\u8981\u8ddf\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u91cd\u540d\uff1b
\n3. \u5c3d\u91cf\u505a\u5230\u89c1\u540d\u77e5\u610f\uff1b<\/p>\n

\u53d8\u91cf\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff1a<\/h2>\n

1. \u672c\u5730\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u4e3a\u6574\u4e2abash\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b50shell\u4e2d\u53d8\u91cf\u5931\u6548<\/h4>\n
# A=33\r\n# echo $A\r\n33\r\n# bash\r\n[root@rs1 ~]# echo $A\r\n                                \/\/ \u7a7a\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5b50shell\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709A\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\r\n[root@rs1 ~]# <\/code><\/pre>\n
2. \u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u7528\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u4ec5\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u6709\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/h4>\n
[root@rs1 ~]# local B=22         \/\/ \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u76f4\u63a5\u5b9a\u4e49\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u8bed\u6cd5\u9519\u8bef\r\nbash: local: can only be used in a function\r\n\r\n#!\/bin\/bash        \/\/ \u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u811a\u672c\r\n# Function for shell.\r\ntest_func(){\r\n  local Name=Jerry\r\n  echo $Name\r\n}\r\ntest_func\r\necho \"Again Name: $Name\"\r\n\r\n# bash f.sh     \/\/ \u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c, \u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff0cA\u662fJerry\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u4ee5\u5916\u7684A\u53d8\u91cf\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\r\nJerry\r\nAgain Name: <\/code><\/pre>\n
3. \u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a\u7528export\u6765\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u672cshell\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u5b50shell<\/h4>\n
# A=Jerry\r\n# export A\r\n# sh\r\nsh-4.1# echo $A\r\nJerry\r\n\r\n# \u4e24\u79cd\u5b9a\u4e49\u65b9\u6cd5\r\n1. export varname=value             \/\/ \u76f4\u63a5\u58f0\u660e\u5e76\u5b9a\u4e49\r\n2. varname=value; export varname    \/\/ \u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u540e\u58f0\u540d\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
4. \u4f4d\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a\u811a\u672c\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4ee5\u7a7a\u683c\u4e3a\u5206\u5272\uff0c\u4ece\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\u4f9d\u6b21\u662f$1, $2, $3…\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4f7f\u5f97\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u4e86\u5f88\u591a<\/h4>\n
#!\/bin\/bash                         \/\/ \u811a\u672c\r\n# Location variable\r\necho \"First variable is: $1\"\r\necho \"Second variable is: $2\"\r\n\r\n# bash g.sh hello world       \/\/ \u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\r\nFirst variable is: hello\r\nSecond variable is: world\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
5. \u7279\u6b8a\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u7f6e\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981<\/h4>\n
\u7279\u6b8a\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a\r\n$?: \u6267\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u8fd4\u56de\u7801\r\n$#\uff1a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\r\n$*: \u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868, \u5217\u51fa\u53c2\u6570\r\n$@\uff1a\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868, \u548c$*\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\r\n\r\nshift\uff1ashift\u7528\u4e8e\u8f6e\u6362$1, $2...\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a$1, \u7136\u540eshift\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5faa\u73af\u3002\r\n#!\/bin\/bash          \/\/ \u811a\u672c\r\n# Usage of shift.\r\nfor i in {1..3}; do\r\n echo $1\r\n shift\r\ndone\r\n\r\n# bash a.sh first second third           \/\/ \u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c, \u53e6\u5916\uff0cshift\u540e\u9762\u52a0\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49shift\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8df3\u8dc3\u3002\r\nfirst\r\nsecond\r\nthird<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6548\u679c\u5c55\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n
1. $?\uff1a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u72b6\u6001\u8fd4\u56de\u5417\uff080-255\uff09\r\n$?\u7684\u53d6\u503c\uff1a\r\n    0\uff1a\u6ca1\u6bdb\u75c5\r\n    1, 2: \u53c2\u6570\u9519\u8bef\r\n    127\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u9519\u8bef\r\n     others: \u7528\u4e8e\u811a\u672c\u4e2dexit\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\r\n# ls ~\r\nanaconda-ks.cfg  a.sh  b.sh  c.sh  d.sh  e.sh  f.sh  g.sh  install.log  install.log.syslog\r\n# echo $?\r\n0\r\n# ls \/etcc\r\nls: \u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\/etcc: \u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\r\n# echo $?\r\n2\r\n# lll \/etc\r\n-bash: lll: command not found\r\n# echo $?\r\n127\r\n\r\n2. $#\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524dshell\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u603b\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u4e3a0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f39\u51fa\u5e2e\u52a9\u4fe1\u606f\r\n#!\/bin\/bash               \/\/ \u811a\u672c\r\n# Test usage of $#\r\n\r\nif [ $# -eq 0 ]; then\r\n  echo \"Usage: `basename $0` OPT1, OPT2...\"\r\n  exit 3\r\nfi\r\necho \"The first option is $1.\"\r\n\r\n# bash h.sh Hello                        \/\/ \u4e24\u6b21\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\r\nThe first option is Hello.\r\n# bash h.sh\r\nUsage: h.sh OPT1, OPT2...\r\n\r\n3. $*\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524dshell\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570 \u201c$1 $2 $3 \u2026\uff0c\u53d7IFS\uff08Internal Field Seperator\uff09\u63a7\u5236\r\n#!\/bin\/bash            \/\/ \u811a\u672c\r\n# Test usage of $*.\r\necho \"The options are: $*\"\r\n\r\n# .\/i.sh Hello World I am me           \/\/ \u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\r\nThe options are: Hello World I am me\r\n\r\n4. $@\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570 \u201c$1\u2033 \u201c$2\u2033 \u201c$3\u2033 \u201c\u2026\u201d\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d7IFS\u63a7\u5236\r\n\u6548\u679c\u4e0e$*\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u4ecb\u7ecd\r\n\r\n5. $0 \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u6267\u884c\u7684shell\u811a\u672c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\r\nbasename $0\u5c31\u662f\u811a\u672c\u672c\u8eab\uff0cbasename\u4f1a\u53bb\u6389\u524d\u5bfc\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u90e8\u5206\u540e\u6253\u5370\"\u540d\u79f0\"\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u53bb\u6389\u5c3e\u968f\u7684\"\u540e\u7f00\"\u3002\r\n    \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\r\n    basename \/usr\/bin\/sort         \u8f93\u51fa\"sort\"\r\n    basename include\/stdio.h .h  \u8f93\u51fa\"stdio\"\uff0c\u53bb\u6389\u4e86.h\r\n\r\n6. $n \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u6267\u884c\u7684shell\u811a\u672c\u7684\u7b2cn\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u503c\uff0cn=1..9\r\n\u4e0d\u505a\u4ecb\u7ecd\r\n\r\n7. $$ \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524dshell\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53f7\uff08PID\uff09\r\n# pstree -p |tail -5     \u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0cpstree\u627e\u5230bash\u7684pid\uff0c\u548cecho $$\u7ed3\u679c\u4e00\u81f4\r\n        |               `-{rsyslogd}(961)\r\n        |-sshd(1137)---sshd(2613)---bash(2615)-+-pstree(3243)\r\n        |                                      `-tail(3244)\r\n        `-udevd(374)-+-udevd(649)\r\n                     `-udevd(1393)\r\n# echo $$\r\n2615\r\n\r\n8. $! \u6267\u884c\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\u7684PID\r\n\u6ca1\u6709\u6d4b\u8bd5\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u518d\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/code><\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n
\u8f6c\u8f7d\u8bf7\u6ce8\u660e\uff1aliutianfeng.com<\/a> » bash\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
bash\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a \u672c\u5730\u53d8\u91cf \u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf \u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf \u4f4d\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf \u7279\u6b8a\u53d8\u91cf\uff08\u5185\u7f6e\uff09 \u53d8\u91cf\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u8303\uff1a 1. \u53ea\u80fd\u542b […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[31],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.liutianfeng.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/292"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.liutianfeng.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.liutianfeng.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.liutianfeng.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.liutianfeng.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=292"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.liutianfeng.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/292\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":408,"href":"https:\/\/www.liutianfeng.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/292\/revisions\/408"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.liutianfeng.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=292"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.liutianfeng.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=292"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.liutianfeng.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=292"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}